DharaSetu Guides
Understand the new criminal laws
Short, accurate explainers on India's 2024 shift from the IPC, CrPC and Evidence Act to the BNS, BNSS and BSA.
Transition
- Transition 6 min
CrPC vs BNSS: What Actually Changed in Criminal Procedure
The Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita replaced the Code of Criminal Procedure on 1 July 2024. Most core procedure carries over with renumbering, but several genuinely new provisions — timelines, forensics, digital process — are worth knowing.
Read guide - Transition 6 min
IPC to BNS: What Changed on 1 July 2024
On 1 July 2024, the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023 replaced the 164-year-old Indian Penal Code. Here is what changed, what stayed, and how to read old FIRs.
Read guide
Section
- Section 4 min
Unlawful Assembly
Unlawful Assembly - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Putting Person in Fear of Injury
Putting Person in Fear of Injury - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Rioting
Rioting - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Common Object of a Group
Common Object of a Group - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Abetment by Conspiracy
Abetment by Conspiracy - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Promoting Enmity Between Groups
Promoting Enmity Between Groups - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Public Servant Disobeying Lawful Order
Public Servant Disobeying Lawful Order - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Obstructing Public Servant
Obstructing Public Servant - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Voluntarily Causing Hurt to Deter Public Servant
Voluntarily Causing Hurt to Deter Public Servant - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
False Charge of Offence
False Charge of Offence - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
False Statement on Oath
False Statement on Oath - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Causing Disappearance of Evidence
Causing Disappearance of Evidence - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Intentional Omission of Facts
Intentional Omission of Facts - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Giving False Information
Giving False Information - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Intentional Exposure to Danger
Intentional Exposure to Danger - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Causing Death by Dangerous Act
Causing Death by Dangerous Act - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 10 min
IPC 302 in BNS — Murder: Mapping & Key Points
High-intent page for IPC 302 mapping into BNS. Statutory mapping pending verification; use the converter for interim checks.
Read guide - Section 8 min
IPC 304 in BNS — Culpable Homicide Not Amounting to Murder
Reference page for IPC 304 mapping to BNS. Statutory correspondence is pending verification; this stub links to tools and related guidance.
Read guide - Section 6 min
IPC 307 in BNS — Attempt to Murder
This page will host verified mapping for IPC 307 to BNS and practical prosecution/defence notes; verification pending.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Attempt to Commit Culpable Homicide
Attempt to Commit Culpable Homicide - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Punishment for Culpable Homicide
Punishment for Culpable Homicide - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 3 min
IPC 323 in BNS — Hurt & Punishment
IPC 323 (hurt) maps into the BNS section table — quick mapping, punishment overview and related sections.
Read guide - Section 3 min
IPC 324 in BNS — Serious Hurt Mapping
Quick reference for IPC 324 and its BNS correspondence, punishment notes and related sections.
Read guide - Section 3 min
IPC 325 in BNS — Grievous Hurt Mapping
Reference page for IPC 325 and its BNS equivalent, with related offences and drafting notes.
Read guide - Section 3 min
IPC 326 in BNS — Hurt with Weapon
Short reference for IPC 326 → BNS mapping, evidence pointers and related drafting guidance.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Wrongful Confinement
Wrongful Confinement - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Wrongful Restraint
Wrongful Restraint - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Wrongful Confinement
Wrongful Confinement - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Wrongful Confinement by Husband
Wrongful Confinement by Husband - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Wrongful Confinement for Failure to Deliver
Wrongful Confinement for Failure to Deliver - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Assault or Criminal Force in Attempt to Wrongfully Confine
Assault or Criminal Force in Attempt to Wrongfully Confine - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Assault
Assault - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Punishment for Assault
Punishment for Assault - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Assault on Public Servant
Assault on Public Servant - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 5 min
IPC 354 in BNS — Assault or Criminal Force to Woman
Stub page for IPC 354 mapping to BNS. This content is pending verification; use the converter for interim checks.
Read guide - Section 5 min
IPC 354A in BNS — Sexual Harassment Mapping
Stub for IPC 354A mapping to BNS; pending statutory mapping verification. Includes links to complaint formats and related offence pages.
Read guide - Section 5 min
IPC 354B in BNS — Stalking Mapping
Stub page for IPC 354B mapping to BNS. Verification pending; links to complaint formats and evidence guides included.
Read guide - Section 5 min
IPC 354C in BNS — Voyeurism Mapping
Stub for IPC 354C mapping; final statutory citation will be added after verification. Links to related evidence and privacy guidance.
Read guide - Section 5 min
IPC 354D in BNS — Stalking/Harassment Mapping
Stub page; mapping pending verification. Contains drafting tips for harassment-related offences and links to BNSS procedure pages.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Sending Person to Jail by Rashness
Sending Person to Jail by Rashness - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Sentence of Fine
Sentence of Fine - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Rape
Rape - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 8 min
IPC 376 in BNS — Rape: Mapping & Practical Notes
Stub guide for IPC 376 mapping to BNS. Verification pending; includes links to victim support and evidence guides.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Unnatural Offences
Unnatural Offences - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Theft
Theft - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 3 min
IPC 379 in BNS — Theft Mapping
IPC 379 (theft) mapping into the BNS table with drafting and punishment pointers.
Read guide - Section 6 min
IPC 380 in BNS — Housebreaking and Theft
Stub: mapping of IPC 380 into BNS pending verification. Includes drafting checklist and evidence pointers for theft cases.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Dishonestly Receiving Stolen Property
Dishonestly Receiving Stolen Property - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Possession of Stolen Property
Possession of Stolen Property - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Extortion by Danger
Extortion by Danger - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Criminal Conspiracy
Criminal Conspiracy - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Conspiracy to Commit Offence
Conspiracy to Commit Offence - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Dacoity
Dacoity - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Dacoity with Fear or Injury
Dacoity with Fear or Injury - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Punishment for Dacoity
Punishment for Dacoity - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 4 min
Dacoity with Murder
Dacoity with Murder - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Section 6 min
IPC 409 in BNS — Criminal Breach of Trust
Stub for IPC 409→BNS mapping; details pending verification. Includes notes on proof for breach of trust cases.
Read guide - Section 7 min
IPC 420 in BNS — Cheating & Fraud Mapping
Stub page for IPC 420→BNS; mapping verification pending. Contains drafting notes for cheating/cheque bouncing style matters.
Read guide - Section 5 min
IPC 506 in BNS — Criminal Intimidation Mapping
Stub page for IPC 506 mapping to BNS; pending statutory verification and evidence of intent to intimidate.
Read guide - Section 4 min
IPC 120B in BNS: Criminal Conspiracy is Now Section 61
IPC Sections 120A and 120B (criminal conspiracy) are consolidated into BNS Section 61. Here is how the definition and punishment now sit together.
Read guide - Section 4 min
IPC 306 in BNS: Abetment of Suicide is Now Section 108
IPC Section 306 (abetment of suicide) maps to BNS Section 108. The punishment and the requirement to prove active abetment are unchanged.
Read guide - Section 5 min
IPC 498A in BNS: Cruelty by Husband is Now Section 85
IPC Section 498A (cruelty by husband or his relatives) maps to BNS Section 85, with 'cruelty' defined in Section 86. Here is what stayed the same for dowry and matrimonial cruelty cases.
Read guide
Procedure
- Procedure 4 min
Appeal Timelines in Criminal Cases
Appeal Timelines in Criminal Cases - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Appellate Tribunal Process
Appellate Tribunal Process - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Arrest vs Detention
Arrest vs Detention - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Bail and Parole Difference
Bail and Parole Difference - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Bail vs Remand Guide
Bail vs Remand Guide - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Anticipatory Bail Process
BNSS Anticipatory Bail Process - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Appeal & Review
BNSS Appeal & Review - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 6 min
BNSS Arrest Without Warrant — When Police May Arrest
A practical guide to warrantless arrest under the BNSS: triggers, notice, custody safeguards and immediate steps for lawyers.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Bail Against Custody
BNSS Bail Against Custody - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Bail Conditions
BNSS Bail Conditions - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Bail Hearing Basics
BNSS Bail Hearing Basics - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Charge Sheet Process
BNSS Charge Sheet Process - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Charge Sheet Timelines
BNSS Charge Sheet Timelines - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Cognizable Offences under BNSS
Cognizable Offences under BNSS - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Cognizable Search
BNSS Cognizable Search - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Crime Scene Seizure
BNSS Crime Scene Seizure - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Custody Review
BNSS Custody Review - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Detention & Remand Orders
BNSS Detention & Remand Orders - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Digital Investigation
BNSS Digital Investigation - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Evidence Preservation
BNSS Evidence Preservation - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Evidence Transfer
BNSS Evidence Transfer - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS FIR & First Information
BNSS FIR & First Information - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 8 min
BNSS Investigation & Forensics — Digital Evidence & Procedure
Guidance for investigators and lawyers working with forensic and electronic evidence under BNSS, including practical checklist and evidence-handling notes.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Investigation Timeline
BNSS Investigation Timeline - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Judicial Custody
BNSS Judicial Custody - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Judicial Supervision under BNSS
Judicial Supervision under BNSS - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Magistrate Powers
BNSS Magistrate Powers - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Non-Cognizable Offences under BNSS
Non-Cognizable Offences under BNSS - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Police Booking Procedure
BNSS Police Booking Procedure - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Police Complaint Procedure
BNSS Police Complaint Procedure - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Police Custody
BNSS Police Custody - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Police Powers
BNSS Police Powers - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Police Questioning Rights
BNSS Police Questioning Rights - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Police Remand Review
BNSS Police Remand Review - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Police Report and FIR
BNSS Police Report and FIR - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Prison Remand
BNSS Prison Remand - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 7 min
BNSS Remand & Custody — Police and Judicial Custody Explained
Practical guidance on remand under BNSS: police custody, judicial remand, time limits and what lawyers should check during remand applications.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Remand Grounds
BNSS Remand Grounds - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Search & Seizure
BNSS Search & Seizure - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Summons vs Warrant
BNSS Summons vs Warrant - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Third-Party Custody
BNSS Third-Party Custody - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Trial Preparation
BNSS Trial Preparation - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Warrant Procedure
BNSS Warrant Procedure - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Witness Protection
BNSS Witness Protection - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BNSS Youth Offence Procedure
BNSS Youth Offence Procedure - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Admissibility Test
BSA Admissibility Test - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Authentication Process
BSA Authentication Process - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Bank Records
BSA Bank Records - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Chain of Custody
BSA Chain of Custody - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Confession Evidence
BSA Confession Evidence - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Diary and Letters
BSA Diary and Letters - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Digital Records
BSA Digital Records - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Documentary Evidence Standards
BSA Documentary Evidence Standards - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Electronic Evidence
BSA Electronic Evidence - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Electronic Records
BSA Electronic Records - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Exclusion of Irrelevant Evidence
BSA Exclusion of Irrelevant Evidence - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Expert Witness
BSA Expert Witness - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Forensics Overview
BSA Forensics Overview - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Medical Evidence
BSA Medical Evidence - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Opinion Evidence
BSA Opinion Evidence - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Physical Evidence
BSA Physical Evidence - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Preservation of Evidence
BSA Preservation of Evidence - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Proof of Possession
BSA Proof of Possession - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Storage & Retrieval
BSA Storage & Retrieval - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Surveillance Evidence
BSA Surveillance Evidence - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Video & Audio Evidence
BSA Video & Audio Evidence - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Voice Recordings
BSA Voice Recordings - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
BSA Witness Competence
BSA Witness Competence - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Charge Sheet Review
Charge Sheet Review - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Charge Sheet vs Closure Report
Charge Sheet vs Closure Report - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Cognizable Offence Notification
Cognizable Offence Notification - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Complaint vs FIR
Complaint vs FIR - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Compoundable Offences Overview
Compoundable Offences Overview - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Court Fees and Bails
Court Fees and Bails - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Criminal Offence Categorization
Criminal Offence Categorization - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Criminal Procedure 101
Criminal Procedure 101 - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Cybercrime Complaint Process
Cybercrime Complaint Process - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Drafting a Legal Notice
Drafting a Legal Notice - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Evidence Preservation at Crime Scene
Evidence Preservation at Crime Scene - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Filing a Police Complaint
Filing a Police Complaint - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
FIR Drafting Format
FIR Drafting Format - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
FIR Registration Guide
FIR Registration Guide - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Legal Advice Before FIR
Legal Advice Before FIR - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Police Evidence Submission
Police Evidence Submission - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Police Records Request
Police Records Request - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Police Remand Rights
Police Remand Rights - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Police Station Visit Guide
Police Station Visit Guide - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Public Order Offence Procedure
Public Order Offence Procedure - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Punishment Under BNS Overview
Punishment Under BNS Overview - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Summons Notice Language
Summons Notice Language - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Summons Service Process
Summons Service Process - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Victim Compensation Process
Victim Compensation Process - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 4 min
Witness Summons vs Warrant
Witness Summons vs Warrant - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Procedure 5 min
CrPC 41 in BNSS: Arrest Without Warrant is Now Section 35
CrPC Section 41 (when police may arrest without a warrant) maps to BNSS Section 35. A notable new safeguard was added for minor offences — here is what changed.
Read guide - Procedure 5 min
Evidence Act 65B in BSA: Electronic Evidence is Now Section 63
Indian Evidence Act Section 65B (admissibility of electronic records) maps to BSA Section 63. The mandatory certificate requirement for electronic evidence carries over.
Read guide - Procedure 5 min
Bail Under the New Codes: What the BNSS Changed
Bail procedure moved from the CrPC to the BNSS in 2024, including a notable first-time undertaking relief for undertrial prisoners. A plain-language overview.
Read guide
Concept
- Concept 4 min
Bail After Charge Sheet
Bail After Charge Sheet - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail Against Police Remand
Bail Against Police Remand - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail and Anticipatory Bail Overview
Bail and Anticipatory Bail Overview - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail Appeal Process
Bail Appeal Process - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail Application Format Guidelines
Bail Application Format Guidelines - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail Application Samples
Bail Application Samples - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail Bond Guide
Bail Bond Guide - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail Cancellation Process
Bail Cancellation Process - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail Conditions and Bonds
Bail Conditions and Bonds - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail Conditions Checklist
Bail Conditions Checklist - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail Court Fees
Bail Court Fees - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail for Public Order Offences
Bail for Public Order Offences - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail for White-Collar Offences
Bail for White-Collar Offences - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Grounds for Anticipatory Bail
Grounds for Anticipatory Bail - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Grounds for Regular Bail
Grounds for Regular Bail - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Preparing for a Bail Hearing
Preparing for a Bail Hearing - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail Hearing Strategy
Bail Hearing Strategy - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail in Custodial Cases
Bail in Custodial Cases - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail in FIR Cases
Bail in FIR Cases - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail Order Language Guide
Bail Order Language Guide - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Reading a Bail Order
Reading a Bail Order - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail Review Petition
Bail Review Petition - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail with Digital Court Notices
Bail with Digital Court Notices - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail Within 24 Hours
Bail Within 24 Hours - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail for Commercial Offences
Bail for Commercial Offences - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail from Judicial Custody
Bail from Judicial Custody - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail from Police Custody
Bail from Police Custody - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail Application Tool Landing
Bail Application Tool Landing - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
BNS Transition Tool Guide
BNS Transition Tool Guide - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Court Forms Tool Landing
Court Forms Tool Landing - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Criminal Procedure Workflow
Criminal Procedure Workflow - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
CrPC to BNSS Converter Landing
CrPC to BNSS Converter Landing - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Evidence Checklist Tool Landing
Evidence Checklist Tool Landing - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
FIR Format Tool Landing
FIR Format Tool Landing - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
IEA to BSA Converter Landing
IEA to BSA Converter Landing - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Legal Drafts Tool Landing
Legal Drafts Tool Landing - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Police Complaint Tool Landing
Police Complaint Tool Landing - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 4 min
Bail for Women and Children
Bail for Women and Children - summary of what to check and how to use the official mapping, process or tool.
Read guide - Concept 8 min
Cheque Bounce Case in India: Section 138 Complete Guide
A dishonoured cheque isn't automatically a criminal case — it becomes one only if you send a legal notice within 30 days and the drawer still doesn't pay. Here's the full Section 138 process, timeline, and punishment.
Read guide - Concept 8 min
How to File a Consumer Complaint in India: Consumer Protection Act 2019 Guide
Defective product, denied refund, or a service provider who won't respond — the Consumer Protection Act 2019 gives you a free, lawyer-optional forum to fight it. Here's which commission to approach, what it costs, and how e-Daakhil filing actually works.
Read guide - Concept 8 min
How to File a Cyber Crime Complaint in India: Portal, Process, and Sections
Online fraud, hacking, or harassment can be reported in minutes at cybercrime.gov.in without visiting a police station first — and financial fraud has a narrow window where fast reporting can actually get your money frozen before it's withdrawn. Here's the real process.
Read guide - Concept 8 min
Wrongful Termination in India: What Rights Do Employees Actually Have?
'At-will employment' the way it exists in the US doesn't exist in India — but the protections you get differ sharply depending on whether you're a 'workman' under the Industrial Disputes Act or a manager/executive governed only by your contract and the Shops & Establishments Act. Here's how to tell which one you are.
Read guide - Concept 9 min
Motor Accident Compensation Claim in India: MACT Process Explained
Section 166 of the Motor Vehicles Act lets an accident victim or their family claim compensation from the vehicle owner and insurer — even without proving anyone was at fault, in many cases. Here's how the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal process actually works, and what compensation is calculated on.
Read guide - Concept 7 min
How to Choose the Right Lawyer in India: A Practical Checklist
Wrong lawyer, right case, still a bad outcome. What to actually check before hiring — specialisation, court experience, fee structure, and the questions worth asking in the first meeting.
Read guide - Concept 7 min
Types of Bail in India: Regular, Anticipatory, Interim and Default Bail Explained
India recognises four main kinds of bail — regular, anticipatory, interim and default — each triggered by a different stage of a criminal case. A plain-language guide to which one applies when.
Read guide
Career
- Career 8 min
How to Get a Law Internship in India: A Step-by-Step Guide for Law Students
Litigation chamber, law firm, or in-house — every path to a legal career in India runs through internships. A practical guide to finding, applying for, and making the most of one.
Read guide - Career 6 min
Law Internship Stipends in India: What Firms Actually Pay (Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore)
Stipends vary enormously by firm tier, city, and practice area — from zero at many litigation chambers to ₹30,000/month at top corporate firms. A grounded look at real, sourced figures instead of guesswork.
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Bail
- Bail 5 min
Anticipatory Bail under BNSS — When to Apply
A short guide to anticipatory bail (pre-arrest) in the BNSS framework: eligibility, timing and drafting notes.
Read guide - Bail 8 min
Bail Application Format — Sample & Checklist
A practical bail application template and a checklist for drafting under BNSS/CrPC contexts.
Read guide - Bail 6 min
Regular Bail under BNSS — Procedure & Strategy
Overview of regular bail applications under BNSS: when they succeed, objections to expect, and drafting checklist.
Read guide
Evidence
- Evidence 7 min
BSA Documentary Evidence — Documents, Originals & Admissibility
How documentary evidence is treated under the BSA: primary vs secondary evidence, authentication, and practical steps for lawyers.
Read guide - Evidence 6 min
BSA Witness Evidence — Competence, Examination & Protection
Short guide on witness competence, protections and common objections when presenting oral testimony under the BSA.
Read guide
Tool landing
Reference only — not legal advice. Verify with the official bare act and consult an advocate.